Basics
Arrays in C++
Fixed-Size Collections
💡 C++ arrays C jaise hi hain (fixed size, same type elements) — lekin C++ mein usually std::vector prefer kiya jaata hai (aage aayega) kyunki wo dynamically grow ho sakta hai aur safer hai.
Basic array syntax C se same hai: int arr[5] = {1,2,3,4,5};. Farq ye hai ki C++ mein arrays ke saath std::array (fixed-size, but safer) aur std::vector (dynamic-size) bhi available hain <array> aur <vector> headers se — modern C++ code usually inhe prefer karta hai raw arrays ke bajaye.
#include <array>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int rawArr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; // C-style array
array<int, 5> safeArr = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; // std::array — knows its own size
cout << rawArr[2] << endl; // 3
cout << safeArr.size() << endl; // 5 — array khud size batata hai!
return 0;
}📚
C++ arrays C jaise hi hain (fixed size, same type elements) — lekin C++ mein usually std::vector prefer kiya jaata hai (aage aayega) kyunki wo dynamically grow ho sakta hai aur safer hai.
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⚡ Quick Recap
- Raw arrays C jaise hi hain
- std::array = fixed-size, lekin apna size jaanta hai
- Modern C++ code usually std::vector prefer karta hai
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C++ mein 2D (aur higher-dimensional) arrays declare kar sakte ho — internally ye ek contiguous block of memory hai, row-major order mein (poori pehli row, phir poori doosri row).
int grid[2][3] = {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}};
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
cout << grid[i][j] << " ";
}
}
// 1 2 3 4 5 6Tip: 2D vectors (vector<vector<int>>) modern C++ mein 2D arrays se zyada flexible hain — dynamically sized rows/columns bana sakte ho.