if-else in C++

Decision Making

💡 if-else bilkul C jaisa hai — ek fork wali road, jaha condition decide karti hai kaunsa raasta lena hai.

if, else if, else syntax C se bilkul same hai. C++17 se ek naya feature aaya: "if with initializer" — ek variable ko if statement ke andar hi declare aur initialize kar sakte ho, uska scope sirf us if block tak limited rehta hai.

int marks = 85;

if (marks >= 90) {
  cout << "A grade" << endl;
} else if (marks >= 75) {
  cout << "B grade" << endl;   // ye print hoga
} else {
  cout << "C grade" << endl;
}

// C++17: if with initializer
if (int x = marks - 75; x > 0) {
  cout << "75 se " << x << " zyada" << endl;
}

🔀

if-else bilkul C jaisa hai — ek fork wali road, jaha condition decide karti hai kaunsa raasta lena hai.

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⚡ Quick Recap

if-else syntax C jaisa hi hai
C++17: if (init; condition) — scoped variable
Ternary operator concise one-liners ke liye

Is page mein (1 subtopics)

Complex decisions ke liye if-else ko nest kar sakte ho — ek if ke andar doosra if. Bahut deep nesting readability kharab karti hai, isliye 2-3 levels se zyada avoid karna best hai.

int marks = 85, attendance = 90;

if (marks >= 75) {
  if (attendance >= 80) {
    cout << "Pass with good attendance" << endl;
  } else {
    cout << "Pass, lekin attendance kam hai" << endl;
  }
} else {
  cout << "Fail" << endl;
}

💡Tip: Deeply nested if-else ko && (AND) se combine karke flatten kar sakte ho: if (marks >= 75 && attendance >= 80) — usually zyada readable hota hai.

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if-else in C++

Nested if-else — Multiple Conditions