Document Structure
<!DOCTYPE html> browser ko batata hai "ye ek modern HTML5 document hai" — pehli line honi zaroori hai. <html> poore document ka root/container hai. Uske andar do main hisse: <head> (metadata — title, links to CSS, meta tags — jo screen par directly nahi dikhta) aur <body> (actual visible content).
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="hi">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Yahan sab kuch visible hota hai -->
<h1>Welcome</h1>
</body>
</html>- <!DOCTYPE html> = "ye HTML5 hai" declaration, sabse pehli line
- <head> = metadata (invisible), <body> = visible content
- lang="hi" attribute accessibility aur SEO dono ke liye helpful hai
<meta charset="UTF-8"> batata hai browser ko konsi character encoding use karni hai — UTF-8 almost universal standard hai, jo duniya ki saari languages (Hindi, emoji, special characters) properly display karta hai. Bina iske, special characters galat dikh sakte hain (jaise "à" ki jagah garbage symbols).
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"> <!-- hamesha likho, sabse pehli meta tag ke roop mein -->
</head><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> mobile devices par sahi rendering ke liye zaroori hai — bina iske, mobile browsers page ko "desktop size" mein render karke zoom-out kar dete hain, jo bura lagta hai.
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>My Page</title>
</head>